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Thirumangai Alvar
Thirumangai Alvar, also spelt as Tirumangai Alvar and Tirumankai Alvar, or Thirumangai Mannan〔 is the last of the 12 Alvar saints of south India, who are known for their affiliation to Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. He is considered one of the most learned Alvar and the most superior Alvar in the context of composition of verses.〔Pillai 1994, pp. 192–4〕 He holds the title ''Narkavi Perumal'', the mark of an excellent poet,〔 and ''Parakala'' (Beyond Time).
Though he is respected as a Vaishnava saint-poet, he, initially, worked as a military commander, a chieftain and then a robber. After his conversion to Vaishnavism, he confronted practitioners of rival Hindu sect of Shaivism as well as Buddhism and Jainism.
==Dating and hagiography==
The traditional date attributed to Thirumangai is year 399 of Kaliyuga, that is 2702〔 or 2706 BC,〔 making him traditionally the last of the Alvar saints.〔Chari 1997, p. 10〕 Modern scholars have placed the Alvars in between 5th to 9th centuries based on few historical evidence. Dr. N. Subba Reddiar summarizes their views and arrives at the date 776 AD for Thirumangai, making him chronologically the eighth Alvar, though even these dates are disputed.〔Chari p.11〕 Sakkottai Krishnaswami Aiyangar notes he is generally dated to 7th-8th century.〔 Professor of Religion and Asian Studies, James G. Lochtefeld of Carthage College dates Tirumangai to the 9th century.
The hagiographies detailing the life of Thirumangai and other Alvars are Divya charitam (11th century) and Guruparampara-prabhavam-arayirappadi (13th century) and Guruparampara-prabhavam-muvayirappadi (14th century). Other Vaishnava scholars have written hagiographics based on the above works later.〔
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